A Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory ( Rebt )...

A Rational Emotive Behavioral Theory/ Behavior Theory (REBT) Psychoeducational group for adolescent abusing drugs and alcohol. The initial and transition stages will be discussed to give the reader insight on how the group will begin and transition into the norms of the group thereby allowing the work to begin. The teen group will be a group for girls and boys between the ages 14-18 and closed. The group will consist of 8-12 students lasting 12 weeks. Furthermore, group will be held on school grounds, after school, for 90 minutes twice a week. The group participants will be determined by the school counselor. Substance abuse among adolescents constitutes a significant hazard and represents one of the most pressing and problematic conditions that face teens. According to Denoff (1987) a host of personality factors such as low-self esteem, alienation, and impulsivity have been associated with substance abuse. Overall adolescence is a time of rapid changes therefore heightened emotionality, an examination and a desire for independence can cause stress (Gladding, 2012). Researchers suggested the accelerated changes associated with adolescence helps explain why many individuals have difficulty with adjustment in this time period. Using REBT/ Behavior theory in a group setting will help group members to see how faulty beliefs systems conceivably could lead to misjudgement about ways to cope with problems(Denoff, 1987). The goal of this writer in using REBT is that

Effects Of Liver Cancer And The Presence Of Cyanobacteria...

Majority of the studies conducted including ones mentioned above, there was a strong correlation between the chronic symptoms i.e. liver cancer and the presence of cyanobacteria in the drinking water. The presence and study of cyanobacteria dates back to the 1930’s, therefore, this is not a particularly new field of study. This gives the current researchers/ investigators with important retrospective information to use to build on current research. It also appears that most of the cyanobacteria species have been identified and studied upon. Their characteristics such as toxin produced, cell structures etc. have been examined (Table 4). With this said, the study area has been made feasible. 5. Weaknesses of studies Most of the studies†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, this does not create such a strong case for causality. Because the years are so far apart, one might argue that there were other events that took place that may have influenced the PLC rates in these particular region. 6. Current status/Data gap Current drinking water treatment practices in Serbia do not regularly monitor or actively remove these toxins from the drinking water because this is a relatively new field of study and would involve extremely expensive measures (SVIRÄÅ'EV et al., 2009). This is not only a problem in Serbia, but in many developing countries. Priority always seems to be placed on other issues while study areas such as this tend to be ignored. Furthermore, the relevant governing bodies cannot be trusted as they might provide misinformation to the general public regarding the quality of drinking water. Although global organizations such as the World Health Organization has prescribed allowable levels on microcystin in drinking water, several questions proceed in relevance to the individual countries. Questions such as; who is responsible for monitoring and reporting unsafe levels of microcystin in drinking water, what is the frequency of water quality monitoring?, who are the responsible parties that s hould be held accountable in case of an outbreak? Unfortunately, his type of vigilant and stringent monitoring is often times a miss. In the case of the Serbia

Environmental Science Fire Danger Index

Question: Describe about the Environmental Science for Fire Danger Index. Answer: 1. Which town in NSW has the greatest Fire Danger Index, and what is its value? Is the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Meter applicable in all circumstances? Why/why not? The results are as shown in the table below: Town Drought factor FDI Lismore 10 11 Grafton 1 1 Coffs Harbour 4 4 Taree 5 15 Scone 5 17 Nowra 7 61 Armidale 8 15 Walgett 10 41 Dubbo 8 13 Parkes 7 10 Tibooburra 10 29 Cobar 10 30 Hay 9 15 Therefore the town in NSW with the greatest FDI is Nowra, with a value of 61 (extreme). McArthur Forest Fire Danger Meter is not applicable in all circumstances because it has been designed to accept inputs within certain ranges only. For instance, it accepts temperatures from 0 to 100; humidity from 0 to 100%, wind speed from 0 to 100 km/h, fuel load from 0 to 50 tonnes/ha, and a drought factor of 0 to 10 (Barlings, P. (n.d.)). This means that if any of the inputs are outside the specified range, the value of FDI cannot be determined using McArthur Forest Fire Danger Meter. 2. What are the minimum and maximum spotting distances and rates of spread of the fire? By what mechanism(s) can fires travel faster? The results are as shown in the table below Fuel load (t.ha-1) Spotting distance (km) Flame height (m) Rate of spread (km.h-1) 1 0 0 0.1 4 0.04 0.24 0.39 8 0.41 2.48 0.78 12 0.75 4.72 1.17 16 1.07 6.96 1.57 25 1.7 12 2.45 Thus the minimum and maximum spotting distances are 0 km and 1.7 km respectively, while the minimum and maximum rates of fire spread are 0.1 km.h-1 and 1.17 km.h-1 respectively. Fires can travel faster when the: fuel loads present increase, weather is hotter and drier, wind is stronger, humidity is low, and slope along which the fire is spreading increases (ACT Emergency Services Agency, 2011). 3. Experiment with the importance of attendance and the other factors for the survival of houses. Which house in Table 3 has the greatest chance of survivability? Which has the least chance? To which factors is house survival most sensitive? The results are as shown in the table below House 1 House 2 House 3 House 4 Holiday house 1 Holiday house 2 House survival probability (%) 98 94 94 75 62 10 Thus the house with the greatest and least chance of survivability is House 1 (98%) and Holiday house 2 (10%) respectively. House survival is most sensitive to persons in attendance, roof wooded or not wooden; and roof tiled or has a pitch of 10 (design), presence of flammable objects nearby i.e. landscaping and vegetation, as discussed by Bishop, Handmer, Winarto, McCowan (2011) 4. Why does a fire burning uphill travel faster than one burning downhill? There are several reasons why a fire burning travels faster uphill than downhill. First, the fire travels or moves in the direction of the path or ambient of which, which in uphill. Second, the fire preheats the fuel present upwards, since the heat and smoke travels up the hill, thus making it easier for the fire to travel uphill faster. Lastly, when the fire is burning, hot air rises upwards thus accelerating the speed of fire uphill (Kirschenmann, 2012). References ACT Emergency Services Agency. (2011). What is a bushfire? Retrieved from https://esa.act.gov.au/community-information/bushfires/what-is-a-bushfire/ Barlings, P. (n.d.). Forest fire danger meter McArthur Mk5. Retrieved from https://www.cfa4wd.org/information/Forest_FDI.htm Kirschenmann Zach. (2012). Did you know? Forest fires move faster uphill. Retrieved from https://chspineneedle.com/2012/04/19/did-you-know-forest-fires-move-faster-uphill/ Bishop, I., Handmer, J., Winarto, A., McCowan, E. (2011). Survival in dangerous landscapes a game environment for increasing public preparedness. ResearchGate, pp.222-229.